羽毛球单打的发球战术
发球不受对方干扰,只要在规则允许的范围内,发球者可以随心所欲地以任何方式发到对方接球区的任何一点。采用变化多端的发球战术,常常能起到先发制人、取得主动的作用。因此,发球在比赛中占有重要地位。
在采用发球战术时,眼睛不要只看自己的球和球拍,应用余光注视对方的情况,找出薄弱环节。发各种球的准备姿势和动作要注意一致性,给对方的判断带来困难,处于消极等待的状态。发球后应立即把球拍举至胸前,根据情况调整自己的位置,两脚开立,身体重心居中,但一定注意重心不要站死。眼睛紧盯对方,观察对方的任何变化,积极准备还击。
(1)发后场高远球
这是单打中常用的发球,要求把球发到对方端线处,迫使对方后退还击,给对方进攻制造难度。发高远球虽然弧线高,飞行时间长,但由于离网距离远,球从高处垂直下落,后场进攻技术差的对手较难下压进攻。把球发到对方左、右发球区的底线外角处,能调动对方至底线边角,便于下一拍打对方对角网前,拉开对方的站位。特别是左场区的底线外角位是对方反手区,更是主要攻击的目标。但发右场区的底线外角时要提防对方以直线平高球攻击自己的后场反手区。如把球发到对方接发球区底线的左、右半区的内角位,能避免对方以快速的直线攻击自己的两边。
(2)发平高球
发平高球,球的飞行弧线较低,但对方仍然必须退到后场才能还击。由于球的飞行速度快,对方没有充裕的时间考虑对策,回球质量会受到一定的影响。对于球队飞行弧线的控制,应看对方站位的前后和人的高矮及弹跳能力而定,以恰好不给对方半途拦截机会为宜。落点的选择基本与发高远球相同。
(3)发平快球
发平快球(或者平高球)和网前球配合,争取创造第三拍的主动进攻机会,著称了发球抢攻的战术。发平快球属于进攻发球,球速很快,著称了发球抢攻的战术。发平快球属于进攻性发球,球速很快,作为突袭手段如运用得当,往往能取得主动。但当接球方有所准备时,也能半途拦截,以快制快,发球方反会处于被动。发平快球时球的落点一般应在对方反手区,或直接对准接发球的身体,使对手措手不及。
(4)发网前球
发网前球能减少对方把球往下压的机会,发球后立即进入互相抢攻的橘。把球发到前发球内角,球飞行的路线较短,容易封住对方攻击自己后场的角度。发球到前发球线外角位能起到调离对方中心为止的作用。特别是在右场区发前发球线外角位,能使对方反手区出现大片空档。但对方也能以直线推平球攻击发球者的后场反手。如果预先提防,可用头顶球还击。发网前球也可以发对方的追身球,造成对方被动。最好发网前球时配合发底线球才能有较好的效果。





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