木制玩具的历史【转】
－－木制玩具是玩具中的一大门类，渊源流长，它出现于历史发展的各个阶段，在众多的文化形态和悠久的历史长河中，德国的木制玩具以独树一帜而闻名于世。 早在公元 1700年，德国的百希加登和尚堡地区的能工巧匠就成批雕制小动物，并运到纽伦堡去销售，这些价廉物美，诩诩如生的木制小玩艺称为纽伦堡小玩物，深受人们喜爱，通过纽伦堡销往整个西方世界。
－－这些木制小玩艺，开始全有了手工制作，约在1800年之后，出现了皮带车床，部分工艺就用车床加工，然后用于手工打光，这些木制的小动物从几英寸到几英尺高，最初(约公元1400年)是作为圣诞节的摆设而出现的。后来发展整套的，称为动物园的木制玩具，其中最有名的叫挪亚方舟玩具(图一)。最早期的挪亚方舟玩具出现于17世纪，但流行于北美和欧洲却是最近150年间的事。
－－早期的木制动物玩具较有名的还有一种叫小小马戏团玩具，其最著名的生产厂商是美国费城的阿尔伯，这是-位德国人， 1872年从德国移民到美国，开了-家玩具 厂，这种制造的木制玩具的关节都可以活动，除了生产小小马戏团玩具之外，还生产木马玩具(图二)，在本世纪20-30年代，这类关节活洛的木制玩具的形象大多来自戏曲，影片中的角色，在当时十分流行。
－－早期的木头雕刻的玩具中最流行的是各类马的形象，有木马、木马拖拉玩具等。随着时间的推移，对木马玩具的制作热情，有增无减，一直流行至今。整个18世纪和19世纪，欧洲与北美都流行木马，当时流行的木马，都是雕刻成的，马身下面接上一块半圆的木片(图三)，后来，在木马下面装上轮子 ，就变成了三轮马车样的玩具了。
马与其他动物形成的木制玩具，装上了轮子，就变成了木制拖拉玩具。这类木制拖拉玩具目前仍然是玩具市场热销的品种之一,受到了广大消费者的青睐。由于时代的变化，其内容也变化，单纯的木马拖拉玩具已经发展到火车、轮船、汽车甚至飞机的木制拖拉玩具，呈现木制拖拉玩具欣欣向荣的景象。
－－除了木制拖拉玩具之外，还出现过活动的木制拖拉玩具，这样的活动木制玩具，有两类：一类是在玩具末端装上活动杆,可使玩具的四肢或头脚跳跃或活动，这类活动的木制玩具称为跳偶。这种形式的玩具起源于东方，而在18、19世纪，欧洲、南北美洲十分流行，这类玩具有多种形象，有的模仿动物爬树、爬梯子；而有些如鸡和鸟类形象可模仿在地上觅食的动物，动作逼真，很受儿童的欢迎。另一类足弹簧活动玩具，这类玩具最有名的是玩偶盒和木制声响玩具。玩偶盒是木盒中装上带有弹簧的小丑，一打开盒盖，小丑就会跳出来，当时在欧洲十分流行。这种玩偶盒逐渐发展成现代西方流行的恐怖玩具，即在盒子里放置有弹簧的蛇、虫或形象恐怖的怪物，以供刺激取乐。
－－高跷，陀螺也曾是十分流行的木制玩具。高跷是古今中外都流行的游戏。常常在规模宏大的传统节日中可以看到，就是在今日我国云南少数民族的庆典活动中，高跷还是游戏的主要节目之一。陀螺也是世界范围存在的木制玩具，最早可以追溯到公元前250年的古希腊，一直到现在，木制陀螺仍屡见不鲜.记得在50年代,我国的男孩子中还十分流行玩木陀螺,当时用上海方言称之为抽“贱骨头”。
十九世纪50年代，在欧洲与美国出现了大规模生产的积木与拼板，这是木制玩具中的主要品种，流传至今，当时的加工工艺采用钢丝挠锯，这种工艺目前还在使用。积木和拼板的表面装饰当时有两种，一种是采用摸板蜡印技术，另-种是采用平板印刷的纸粘在积木或拼板的表面。现在取而代之的是丝网彩印，用于六积木中的主要品种是建筑积木，通常是各种房屋建筑。房屋原形是流行于19世纪欧洲富翁的住宅，第一套有接头、搭口的构造积木是美国宾夕法尼亚州的查尔斯发明的，他在19世纪80年代开了一家玩具公司，大量生产木制构造玩具，深受儿童的青睐。木制玩具现在仍是玩具中的大类品种， 我国云和县巳成为“中国木制玩具之乡”，目前已有150多家生产木制玩具企业，生产品种达数千种， 全县生产能力达8亿以上，该县产品已远销欧美、日本、德国、香港等三十多个国家和地区成为我国木制玩具的生产基地。尽管科学技术的发展， 新材料的替代，但木制玩具牢固耐玩、安全卫生，摔不碎，不生锈，无锋利棱角可以说永远不会消失。
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云彩从天上飘过，我从这里踩过！
“大人们看了上面这一篇，嘱咐小孩子又看了以下几篇”文章后面的这句好经典！
创造第一高楼
我还以为木制玩具是我们的祖先发明的呢
当人类触摸第一个树枝的时候木制玩具就已经诞生了
我也路过，我没有钱。
把衣服留下
完美路过
把钱留下来